Thyroglossal Cyst 

Even the smallest person can change the course of history.

J.R.R. Tolkien

What are thyroglossal cyst?

Thyroglossal cysts are fluid-filled masses that form along the path of the embryonic thyroid gland's descent. They typically develop in the midline of the neck, just below the hyoid bone. Thyroglossal cysts result from the incomplete obliteration of the thyroglossal duct during fetal development.

What causes thyroglossal cyst?

Thyroglossal cysts develop due to the failure of the thyroglossal duct to close completely during embryonic development. This duct normally connects the thyroid gland (located at the base of the tongue) to its final position in the neck. When the duct remains partially open, it can give rise to cyst formation

What are the symptoms of thyroglossal cyst?

Symptoms of thyroglossal cysts may include:

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• A painless lump or swelling in the midline of the neck, just below the Adam's apple

• Difficulty swallowing or breathing if the cyst grows large enough to compress nearby structures

• Redness, tenderness, or inflammation over the cyst, especially if it becomes infected

How to treat thyroglossal cyst?

Treatment for thyroglossal cysts typically involves surgical removal (excision) of the cyst and the adjacent portion of the thyroglossal duct to prevent recurrence. This procedure is usually performed under general anesthesia. Antibiotics may be prescribed if the cyst becomes infected. Regular follow-up visits with a peadiatric surgeon is essential to monitor for any recurrence or complications.